AI as an Essential Element of a Green 6G

Since the very beginning of global R&D activities on fifth generation wireless communications (5G), IEEEPAR energy-efficiency (EE) has been considered explicitly as one essential key performance indicators for networks, and attracted much attention from academia industry. The basic concepts, fundamental work, various advanced techniques towards energy-efficient were extensively studied pursued in previous research efforts [items 1)–4) Appendix] anticipated power consumption increase 5G (due to introduction a massive number antennas, larger bandwidths, denser base stations) forced standardization bodies like 3GPP seriously consider energy-savings capabilities needed achieve better EE performance. However, since energy actual hardware software is closely related specific implementation schemes operation scenarios, there lack precise specifications across organizations.